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1 1 # rpi2-gen-image
2 2 ## Introduction
3 3 `rpi2-gen-image.sh` is an advanced Debian Linux bootstrapping shell script for generating Debian OS images for the Raspberry 2 (RPi2) computer. The script at this time only supports the bootstrapping of the current stable Debian 8 "jessie" release.
4 4
5 5 ## Build dependencies
6 6 The following list of Debian packages must be installed on the build system because they are essentially required for the bootstrapping process. The script will check if all required packages are installed and missing packages will be installed automatically if confirmed by the user.
7 7
8 8 ```debootstrap debian-archive-keyring qemu-user-static dosfstools rsync bmap-tools whois git-core```
9 9
10 10 ## Command-line parameters
11 11 The script accepts certain command-line parameters to enable or disable specific OS features, services and configuration settings. These parameters are passed to the `rpi2-gen-image.sh` script via (simple) shell-variables. Unlike environment shell-variables (simple) shell-variables are defined at the beginning of the command-line call of the `rpi2-gen-image.sh` script.
12 12
13 13 #####Command-line examples:
14 14 ```shell
15 15 ENABLE_UBOOT=true ./rpi2-gen-image.sh
16 16 ENABLE_CONSOLE=false ENABLE_IPV6=false ./rpi2-gen-image.sh
17 17 ENABLE_WM=xfce4 ENABLE_FBTURBO=true ENABLE_MINBASE=true ./rpi2-gen-image.sh
18 18 ENABLE_HARDNET=true ENABLE_IPTABLES=true /rpi2-gen-image.sh
19 19 APT_SERVER=ftp.de.debian.org APT_PROXY="http://127.0.0.1:3142/" ./rpi2-gen-image.sh
20 20 ENABLE_MINBASE=true ./rpi2-gen-image.sh
21 21 BUILD_KERNEL=true ENABLE_MINBASE=true ENABLE_IPV6=false ./rpi2-gen-image.sh
22 22 ```
23 23
24 24 #### APT settings:
25 25 ##### `APT_SERVER`="ftp.debian.org"
26 26 Set Debian packages server address. Choose a server from the list of Debian worldwide [mirror sites](https://www.debian.org/mirror/list). Using a nearby server will probably speed-up all required downloads within the bootstrapping process.
27 27
28 28 ##### `APT_PROXY`=""
29 29 Set Proxy server address. Using a local Proxy-Cache like `apt-cacher-ng` will speed-up the bootstrapping process because all required Debian packages will only be downloaded from the Debian mirror site once.
30 30
31 31 ##### `APT_INCLUDES`=""
32 32 A comma seperated list of additional packages to be installed during bootstrapping.
33 33
34 34 #### General system settings:
35 35 ##### `HOSTNAME`="rpi2-jessie"
36 36 Set system host name. It's recommended that the host name is unique in the corresponding subnet.
37 37
38 38 ##### `PASSWORD`="raspberry"
39 39 Set system `root` password. The same password is used for the created user `pi`. It's **STRONGLY** recommended that you choose a custom password.
40 40
41 41 ##### `DEFLOCAL`="en_US.UTF-8"
42 42 Set default system locale. This setting can also be changed inside the running OS using the `dpkg-reconfigure locales` command. The script variant `minbase` (ENABLE_MINBASE=true) doesn't install `locales`.
43 43
44 44 ##### `TIMEZONE`="Europe/Berlin"
45 45 Set default system timezone. All available timezones can be found in the `/usr/share/zoneinfo/` directory. This setting can also be changed inside the running OS using the `dpkg-reconfigure tzdata` command.
46 46
47 47 ##### `EXPANDROOT`=true
48 48 Expand the root partition and filesystem automatically on first boot.
49 49
50 50 #### Keyboard settings:
51 51 These options are used to configure keyboard layout in `/etc/default/keyboard` for console and Xorg. These settings can also be changed inside the running OS using the `dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration` command.
52 52
53 53 ##### `XKB_MODEL`=""
54 54 Set the name of the model of your keyboard type.
55 55
56 56 ##### `XKB_LAYOUT`=""
57 57 Set the supported keyboard layout(s).
58 58
59 59 ##### `XKB_VARIANT`=""
60 60 Set the supported variant(s) of the keyboard layout(s).
61 61
62 62 ##### `XKB_OPTIONS`=""
63 63 Set extra xkb configuration options.
64 64
65 65 #### Networking settings (DHCP):
66 66 This setting is used to set up networking auto configuration in `/etc/systemd/network/eth.network`.
67 67
68 68 #####`ENABLE_DHCP`=true
69 69 Set the system to use DHCP. This requires an DHCP server.
70 70
71 71 #### Networking settings (static):
72 72 These settings are used to set up a static networking configuration in /etc/systemd/network/eth.network. The following static networking settings are only supported if `ENABLE_DHCP` was set to `false`.
73 73
74 74 #####`NET_ADDRESS`=""
75 75 Set a static IPv4 or IPv6 address and its prefix, separated by "/", eg. "192.169.0.3/24".
76 76
77 77 #####`NET_GATEWAY`=""
78 78 Set the IP address for the default gateway.
79 79
80 80 #####`NET_DNS_1`=""
81 81 Set the IP address for the first DNS server.
82 82
83 83 #####`NET_DNS_2`=""
84 84 Set the IP address for the second DNS server.
85 85
86 86 #####`NET_DNS_DOMAINS`=""
87 87 Set the default DNS search domains to use for non fully qualified host names.
88 88
89 89 #####`NET_NTP_1`=""
90 90 Set the IP address for the first NTP server.
91 91
92 92 #####`NET_NTP_2`=""
93 93 Set the IP address for the second NTP server.
94 94
95 95 #### Basic system features:
96 96 ##### `ENABLE_CONSOLE`=true
97 97 Enable serial console interface. Recommended if no monitor or keyboard is connected to the RPi2. In case of problems fe. if the network (auto) configuration failed - the serial console can be used to access the system.
98 98
99 99 ##### `ENABLE_IPV6`=true
100 100 Enable IPv6 support. The network interface configuration is managed via systemd-networkd.
101 101
102 102 ##### `ENABLE_SSHD`=true
103 103 Install and enable OpenSSH service. The default configuration of the service doesn't allow `root` to login. Please use the user `pi` instead and `su -` or `sudo` to execute commands as root.
104 104
105 105 ##### `ENABLE_RSYSLOG`=true
106 106 If set to false, disable and uninstall rsyslog (so logs will be available only
107 107 in journal files)
108 108
109 109 ##### `ENABLE_SOUND`=true
110 110 Enable sound hardware and install Advanced Linux Sound Architecture.
111 111
112 112 ##### `ENABLE_HWRANDOM`=true
113 113 Enable Hardware Random Number Generator. Strong random numbers are important for most network based communications that use encryption. It's recommended to be enabled.
114 114
115 115 ##### `ENABLE_MINGPU`=false
116 116 Minimize the amount of shared memory reserved for the GPU. It doesn't seem to be possible to fully disable the GPU.
117 117
118 118 ##### `ENABLE_DBUS`=true
119 119 Install and enable D-Bus message bus. Please note that systemd should work without D-bus but it's recommended to be enabled.
120 120
121 121 ##### `ENABLE_XORG`=false
122 122 Install Xorg open-source X Window System.
123 123
124 124 ##### `ENABLE_WM`=""
125 125 Install a user defined window manager for the X Window System. To make sure all X related package dependencies are getting installed `ENABLE_XORG` will automatically get enabled if `ENABLE_WM` is used. The `rpi2-gen-image.sh` script has been tested with the following list of window managers: `blackbox`, `openbox`, `fluxbox`, `jwm`, `dwm`, `xfce4`, `awesome`.
126 126
127 127 #### Advanced system features:
128 128 ##### `ENABLE_MINBASE`=false
129 129 Use debootstrap script variant `minbase` which only includes essential packages and apt. This will reduce the disk usage by about 65 MB.
130 130
131 131 ##### `ENABLE_UBOOT`=false
132 132 Replace default RPi2 second stage bootloader (bootcode.bin) with U-Boot bootloader. U-Boot can boot images via the network using the BOOTP/TFTP protocol.
133 133
134 134 ##### `ENABLE_FBTURBO`=false
135 135 Install and enable the hardware accelerated Xorg video driver `fbturbo`. Please note that this driver is currently limited to hardware accelerated window moving and scrolling.
136 136
137 137 ##### `ENABLE_IPTABLES`=false
138 138 Enable iptables IPv4/IPv6 firewall. Simplified ruleset: Allow all outgoing connections. Block all incoming connections except to OpenSSH service.
139 139
140 140 ##### `ENABLE_USER`=true
141 141 Create pi user with password raspberry
142 142
143 143 ##### `ENABLE_ROOT`=true
144 144 Set root user password so root login will be enabled
145 145
146 146 ##### `ENABLE_ROOT_SSH`=true
147 147 Enable password root login via SSH. May be a security risk with default
148 148 password, use only in trusted environments.
149 149
150 150 ##### `ENABLE_HARDNET`=false
151 151 Enable IPv4/IPv6 network stack hardening settings.
152 152
153 ##### `ENABLE_SPLITFS`=false
154 Enable having root partition on an USB drive by creating two image files: one for the `/boot/firmware` mount point, and another for `/`.
155
153 156 ##### `CHROOT_SCRIPTS`=""
154 157 Path to a directory with scripts that should be run in the chroot before the image is finally built. Every executable file in this direcory is run in lexicographical order.
155 158
156 159 #### Kernel compilation:
157 160 ##### `BUILD_KERNEL`=false
158 161 Build and install the latest RPi2 linux kernel. Currently only the default RPi2 kernel configuration is used. Detailed configuration parameters for customizing the kernel and minor bug fixes still need to get implemented. feel free to help.
159 162
160 163 ##### `KERNEL_THREADS`=1
161 164 Number of parallel kernel building threads. If the parameter is left untouched the script will automatically determine the number of CPU cores to set the number of parallel threads to speed the kernel compilation.
162 165
163 166 ##### `KERNEL_HEADERS`=true
164 167 Install kernel headers with built kernel.
165 168
166 169 ##### `KERNEL_RMSRC`=true
167 170 Remove all kernel sources from the generated OS image after building.
168 171
169 172 ## Understanding the script
170 173 The functions of this script that are required for the different stages of the bootstrapping are split up into single files located inside the `bootstrap.d` directory. During the bootstrapping every script in this directory gets executed in lexicographical order:
171 174
172 175 | Script | Description |
173 176 | --- | --- |
174 177 | `10-bootstrap.sh` | Debootstrap basic system |
175 178 | `11-apt.sh` | Setup APT repositories |
176 179 | `12-locale.sh` | Setup Locales and keyboard settings |
177 180 | `13-kernel.sh` | Build and install RPi2 Kernel |
178 181 | `20-networking.sh` | Setup Networking |
179 182 | `21-firewall.sh` | Setup Firewall |
180 183 | `30-security.sh` | Setup Users and Security settings |
181 184 | `31-logging.sh` | Setup Logging |
182 185 | `41-uboot.sh` | Build and Setup Uboot |
183 186 | `42-fbturbo.sh` | Build and Setup fbturbo Xorg driver |
184 187 | `50-firstboot.sh` | First boot actions |
185 188
186 189 All the required configuration files that will be copied to the generated OS image are located inside the `files` directory. It is not recommended to modify these configuration files manually.
187 190
188 191 | Directory | Description |
189 192 | --- | --- |
190 193 | `boot` | Boot and RPi2 configuration files |
191 194 | `firstboot` | Scripts that get executed on first boot |
192 195 | `iptables` | Firewall configuration files |
193 196 | `locales` | Locales configuration |
194 197 | `modprobe.d` | Kernel Module Blacklist configuration |
195 198 | `mount` | Fstab configuration |
196 199 | `network` | Networking configuration files |
197 200 | `sysctl.d` | Swapping and Network Hardening configuration |
198 201 | `xorg` | fbturbo Xorg driver configuration |
199 202
200 203 ## Logging of the bootstrapping process
201 204 All information related to the bootstrapping process and the commands executed by the `rpi2-gen-image.sh` script can easily be saved into a logfile. The common shell command `script` can be used for this purpose:
202 205
203 206 ```shell
204 207 script -c 'APT_SERVER=ftp.de.debian.org ./rpi2-gen-image.sh' ./build.log
205 208 ```
206 209
207 210 ## Flashing the image file
208 211 After the image file was successfully created by the `rpi2-gen-image.sh` script it can be copied to the microSD card that will be used by the RPi2 computer. This can be performed by using the tools `bmaptool` or `dd`. Using `bmaptool` will probably speed-up the copy process because `bmaptool` copies more wisely than `dd`.
209 212
210 213 #####Flashing examples:
211 214 ```shell
212 215 bmaptool copy ./images/jessie/2015-12-13-debian-jessie.img /dev/mmcblk0
213 216 dd bs=4M if=./images/jessie/2015-12-13-debian-jessie.img of=/dev/mmcblk0
214 217 ```
218 If you have set `ENABLE_SPLITFS`, copy the `-frmw` image on the microSD card, then the `-root` one on the USB drive:
219 ```shell
220 bmaptool copy ./images/jessie/2015-12-13-debian-jessie-frmw.img /dev/mmcblk0
221 bmaptool copy ./images/jessie/2015-12-13-debian-jessie-root.img /dev/sdc
222 ```
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1 1 #
2 2 # Build and Setup RPi2 Kernel
3 3 #
4 4
5 5 # Load utility functions
6 6 . ./functions.sh
7 7
8 8 # Fetch and build latest raspberry kernel
9 9 if [ "$BUILD_KERNEL" = true ] ; then
10 10 # Fetch current raspberrypi kernel sources
11 11 git -C $R/usr/src clone --depth=1 https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux
12 12
13 13 # Load default raspberry kernel configuration
14 14 make -C $R/usr/src/linux ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- bcm2709_defconfig
15 15
16 16 # Calculate optimal number of kernel building threads
17 17 if [ "KERNEL_THREADS" = 1 ] ; then
18 18 if [ -f /proc/cpuinfo ] ; then
19 19 KERNEL_THREADS=$(grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo)
20 20 fi
21 21 fi
22 22
23 23 # Cross compile kernel and modules
24 24 make -C $R/usr/src/linux -j${KERNEL_THREADS} ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- zImage modules dtbs
25 25
26 26 # Install kernel modules
27 27 make -C $R/usr/src/linux ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- INSTALL_MOD_PATH=../../.. modules_install
28 28
29 29 # Install kernel headers
30 30 if [ "$KERNEL_HEADERS" = true ]; then
31 31 make -C $R/usr/src/linux ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- INSTALL_HDR_PATH=../.. headers_install
32 32 fi
33 33
34 34 # Copy and rename compiled kernel to boot directory
35 35 mkdir $R/boot/firmware/
36 36 $R/usr/src/linux/scripts/mkknlimg $R/usr/src/linux/arch/arm/boot/zImage $R/boot/firmware/kernel7.img
37 37
38 38 # Copy dts and dtb device definitions
39 39 mkdir $R/boot/firmware/overlays/
40 40 cp $R/usr/src/linux/arch/arm/boot/dts/*.dtb $R/boot/firmware/
41 41 cp $R/usr/src/linux/arch/arm/boot/dts/overlays/*.dtb* $R/boot/firmware/overlays/
42 42 cp $R/usr/src/linux/arch/arm/boot/dts/overlays/README $R/boot/firmware/overlays/
43 43
44 44 # Remove kernel sources
45 45 if [ "$KERNEL_RMSRC" = true ]; then
46 46 rm -fr $R/usr/src/linux
47 47 fi
48 48
49 49 # Install raspberry bootloader and flash-kernel
50 50 chroot_exec apt-get -qq -y --no-install-recommends install raspberrypi-bootloader-nokernel
51 51 else
52 52 # Kernel installation
53 53 chroot_exec apt-get -qq -y --no-install-recommends install linux-image-${COLLABORA_KERNEL} raspberrypi-bootloader-nokernel
54 54
55 55 # Install flash-kernel last so it doesn't try (and fail) to detect the platform in the chroot
56 56 chroot_exec apt-get -qq -y install flash-kernel
57 57
58 58 VMLINUZ="$(ls -1 $R/boot/vmlinuz-* | sort | tail -n 1)"
59 59 [ -z "$VMLINUZ" ] && exit 1
60 60 cp $VMLINUZ $R/boot/firmware/kernel7.img
61 61 fi
62 62
63 63 # Set up firmware boot cmdline
64 CMDLINE="dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 rootflags=commit=100,data=writeback elevator=deadline rootwait net.ifnames=1 console=tty1 ${CMDLINE}"
64 if [ "$ENABLE_SPLITFS" = true ] ; then
65 CMDLINE="dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 root=/dev/sda1 rootfstype=ext4 rootflags=commit=100,data=writeback elevator=deadline rootwait net.ifnames=1 console=tty1 ${CMDLINE}"
66 else
67 CMDLINE="dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 rootflags=commit=100,data=writeback elevator=deadline rootwait net.ifnames=1 console=tty1 ${CMDLINE}"
68 fi
65 69
66 70 # Set up serial console support (if requested)
67 71 if [ "$ENABLE_CONSOLE" = true ] ; then
68 72 CMDLINE="${CMDLINE} console=ttyAMA0,115200 kgdboc=ttyAMA0,115200"
69 73 fi
70 74
71 75 # Set up IPv6 networking support
72 76 if [ "$ENABLE_IPV6" = false ] ; then
73 77 CMDLINE="${CMDLINE} ipv6.disable=1"
74 78 fi
75 79
76 80 echo "${CMDLINE}" >$R/boot/firmware/cmdline.txt
77 81
78 82 # Set up firmware config
79 83 install_readonly files/boot/config.txt $R/boot/firmware/config.txt
80 84
81 85 # Load snd_bcm2835 kernel module at boot time
82 86 if [ "$ENABLE_SOUND" = true ] ; then
83 87 echo "snd_bcm2835" >>$R/etc/modules
84 88 fi
85 89
86 90 # Set smallest possible GPU memory allocation size: 16MB (no X)
87 91 if [ "$ENABLE_MINGPU" = true ] ; then
88 92 echo "gpu_mem=16" >>$R/boot/firmware/config.txt
89 93 fi
90 94
91 95 # Create symlinks
92 96 ln -sf firmware/config.txt $R/boot/config.txt
93 97 ln -sf firmware/cmdline.txt $R/boot/cmdline.txt
94 98
95 99 # Prepare modules-load.d directory
96 100 mkdir -p $R/lib/modules-load.d/
97 101
98 102 # Load random module on boot
99 103 if [ "$ENABLE_HWRANDOM" = true ] ; then
100 104 cat <<EOM >$R/lib/modules-load.d/rpi2.conf
101 105 bcm2708_rng
102 106 EOM
103 107 fi
104 108
105 109 # Prepare modprobe.d directory
106 110 mkdir -p $R/etc/modprobe.d/
107 111
108 112 # Blacklist sound modules
109 113 install_readonly files/modprobe.d/raspi-blacklist.conf $R/etc/modprobe.d/raspi-blacklist.conf
110 114
111 115 # Create default fstab
112 116 install_readonly files/mount/fstab $R/etc/fstab
117 if [ "$ENABLE_SPLITFS" = true ] ; then
118 sed -i 's/mmcblk0p2/sda1/' $R/etc/fstab
119 fi
113 120
114 121 # Avoid swapping and increase cache sizes
115 122 install_readonly files/sysctl.d/81-rpi-vm.conf $R/etc/sysctl.d/81-rpi-vm.conf
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1 1 #
2 2 # Setup Networking
3 3 #
4 4
5 5 # Load utility functions
6 6 . ./functions.sh
7 7
8 8 # Set up IPv4 hosts
9 9 install_readonly files/network/hostname $R/etc/hostname
10 10 sed -i -e "s/^rpi2-jessie/${HOSTNAME}/" $R/etc/hostname
11 11
12 12 install_readonly files/network/hosts $R/etc/hosts
13 13 sed -i -e "s/rpi2-jessie/${HOSTNAME}/" $R/etc/hosts
14 14
15 15 if [ "$NET_ADDRESS" != "" ] ; then
16 16 NET_IP=$(echo ${NET_ADDRESS} | cut -f 1 -d'/')
17 17 sed -i "s/^127.0.1.1/${NET_IP}/" $R/etc/hosts
18 18 fi
19 19
20 20 # Set up IPv6 hosts
21 21 if [ "$ENABLE_IPV6" = true ] ; then
22 22 cat <<EOM >>$R/etc/hosts
23 23
24 24 ::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
25 25 ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
26 26 ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
27 27 EOM
28 28 fi
29 29
30 30 # Place hint about network configuration
31 31 install_readonly files/network/interfaces $R/etc/network/interfaces
32 32
33 33 if [ "$ENABLE_DHCP" = true ] ; then
34 34 # Enable systemd-networkd DHCP configuration for interface eth0
35 35 install_readonly files/network/eth.network $R/etc/systemd/network/eth.network
36 36
37 37 # Set DHCP configuration to IPv4 only
38 38 if [ "$ENABLE_IPV6" = false ] ; then
39 39 sed -i "s/^DHCP=yes/DHCP=v4/" $R/etc/systemd/network/eth.network
40 40 fi
41 41 else # ENABLE_DHCP=false
42 42 cat <<EOM >$R/etc/systemd/network/eth.network
43 43 [Match]
44 44 Name=eth0
45 45
46 46 [Network]
47 47 DHCP=no
48 48 Address=${NET_ADDRESS}
49 49 Gateway=${NET_GATEWAY}
50 50 DNS=${NET_DNS_1}
51 51 DNS=${NET_DNS_2}
52 52 Domains=${NET_DNS_DOMAINS}
53 53 NTP=${NET_NTP_1}
54 54 NTP=${NET_NTP_2}
55 55 EOM
56 56 fi
57 57
58 58 # Enable systemd-networkd service
59 59 chroot_exec systemctl enable systemd-networkd
60 60
61 61 # Enable network stack hardening
62 62 if [ "$ENABLE_HARDNET" = true ] ; then
63 install_readonly files/sysctl.d/81-rpi-net-hardening.conf $R/etc/sysctl.d/81-rpi-net-hardening.conf
63 install_readonly files/sysctl.d/82-rpi-net-hardening.conf $R/etc/sysctl.d/82-rpi-net-hardening.conf
64 64
65 65 # Enable resolver warnings about spoofed addresses
66 66 cat <<EOM >>$R/etc/host.conf
67 67 spoof warn
68 68 EOM
69 69 fi
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1 1 # This file contains utility functions used by rpi2-gen-image.sh
2 2
3 3 cleanup (){
4 4 set +x
5 5 set +e
6 6
7 7 # Identify and kill all processes still using files
8 8 echo "killing processes using mount point ..."
9 9 fuser -k $R
10 10 sleep 3
11 11 fuser -9 -k -v $R
12 12
13 13 # Clean up all temporary mount points
14 14 echo "removing temporary mount points ..."
15 15 umount -l $R/proc 2> /dev/null
16 16 umount -l $R/sys 2> /dev/null
17 17 umount -l $R/dev/pts 2> /dev/null
18 18 umount "$BUILDDIR/mount/boot/firmware" 2> /dev/null
19 19 umount "$BUILDDIR/mount" 2> /dev/null
20 losetup -d "$EXT4_LOOP" 2> /dev/null
21 losetup -d "$VFAT_LOOP" 2> /dev/null
20 losetup -d "$ROOT_LOOP" 2> /dev/null
21 losetup -d "$FRMW_LOOP" 2> /dev/null
22 22 trap - 0 1 2 3 6
23 23 }
24 24
25 25 chroot_exec() {
26 26 # Exec command in chroot
27 27 LANG=C LC_ALL=C DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive chroot $R $*
28 28 }
29 29
30 30 install_readonly() {
31 31 # Install file with user read-only permissions
32 32 install -o root -g root -m 644 $*
33 33 }
34 34
35 35 install_exec() {
36 36 # Install file with root exec permissions
37 37 install -o root -g root -m 744 $*
38 38 }
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1 1 #!/bin/sh
2 2
3 3 ########################################################################
4 4 # rpi2-gen-image.sh ver2a 12/2015
5 5 #
6 6 # Advanced debian "jessie" bootstrap script for RPi2
7 7 #
8 8 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
9 9 # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
10 10 # as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
11 11 # of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 12 #
13 13 # some parts based on rpi2-build-image:
14 14 # Copyright (C) 2015 Ryan Finnie <ryan@finnie.org>
15 15 # Copyright (C) 2015 Luca Falavigna <dktrkranz@debian.org>
16 16 ########################################################################
17 17
18 18 # Load utility functions
19 19 . ./functions.sh
20 20
21 21 set -e
22 22 echo -n -e "\n#\n# RPi2 Bootstrap Settings\n#\n"
23 23 set -x
24 24
25 25 # Debian release
26 26 RELEASE=${RELEASE:=jessie}
27 27 COLLABORA_KERNEL=${COLLABORA_KERNEL:=3.18.0-trunk-rpi2}
28 28
29 29 # Build settings
30 30 BASEDIR=$(pwd)/images/${RELEASE}
31 31 BUILDDIR=${BASEDIR}/build
32 32
33 33 # General settings
34 34 HOSTNAME=${HOSTNAME:=rpi2-${RELEASE}}
35 35 PASSWORD=${PASSWORD:=raspberry}
36 36 DEFLOCAL=${DEFLOCAL:="en_US.UTF-8"}
37 37 TIMEZONE=${TIMEZONE:="Europe/Berlin"}
38 38 EXPANDROOT=${EXPANDROOT:=true}
39 39
40 40 # Keyboard settings
41 41 XKB_MODEL=${XKB_MODEL:=""}
42 42 XKB_LAYOUT=${XKB_LAYOUT:=""}
43 43 XKB_VARIANT=${XKB_VARIANT:=""}
44 44 XKB_OPTIONS=${XKB_OPTIONS:=""}
45 45
46 46 # Network settings (DHCP)
47 47 ENABLE_DHCP=${ENABLE_DHCP:=true}
48 48
49 49 # Network settings (static)
50 50 # only used on ENABLE_DHCP=false
51 51 NET_ADDRESS=${NET_ADDRESS:=""}
52 52 NET_GATEWAY=${NET_GATEWAY:=""}
53 53 NET_DNS_1=${NET_DNS_1:=""}
54 54 NET_DNS_2=${NET_DNS_2:=""}
55 55 NET_DNS_DOMAINS=${NET_DNS_DOMAINS:=""}
56 56 NET_NTP_1=${NET_NTP_1:=""}
57 57 NET_NTP_2=${NET_NTP_2:=""}
58 58
59 59 # APT settings
60 60 APT_PROXY=${APT_PROXY:=""}
61 61 APT_SERVER=${APT_SERVER:="ftp.debian.org"}
62 62
63 63 # Feature settings
64 64 ENABLE_CONSOLE=${ENABLE_CONSOLE:=true}
65 65 ENABLE_IPV6=${ENABLE_IPV6:=true}
66 66 ENABLE_SSHD=${ENABLE_SSHD:=true}
67 67 ENABLE_SOUND=${ENABLE_SOUND:=true}
68 68 ENABLE_DBUS=${ENABLE_DBUS:=true}
69 69 ENABLE_HWRANDOM=${ENABLE_HWRANDOM:=true}
70 70 ENABLE_MINGPU=${ENABLE_MINGPU:=false}
71 71 ENABLE_XORG=${ENABLE_XORG:=false}
72 72 ENABLE_WM=${ENABLE_WM:=""}
73 73 ENABLE_RSYSLOG=${ENABLE_RSYSLOG:=true}
74 74 ENABLE_USER=${ENABLE_USER:=true}
75 75 ENABLE_ROOT=${ENABLE_ROOT:=false}
76 76 ENABLE_ROOT_SSH=${ENABLE_ROOT_SSH:=false}
77 77
78 78 # Advanced settings
79 79 ENABLE_MINBASE=${ENABLE_MINBASE:=false}
80 80 ENABLE_UBOOT=${ENABLE_UBOOT:=false}
81 81 ENABLE_FBTURBO=${ENABLE_FBTURBO:=false}
82 82 ENABLE_HARDNET=${ENABLE_HARDNET:=false}
83 83 ENABLE_IPTABLES=${ENABLE_IPTABLES:=false}
84 ENABLE_SPLITFS=${ENABLE_SPLITFS:=false}
84 85
85 86 # Kernel compilation settings
86 87 BUILD_KERNEL=${BUILD_KERNEL:=false}
87 88 KERNEL_THREADS=${KERNEL_THREADS:=1}
88 89 KERNEL_HEADERS=${KERNEL_HEADERS:=true}
89 90 KERNEL_RMSRC=${KERNEL_RMSRC:=true}
90 91
91 92 # Image chroot path
92 93 R=${BUILDDIR}/chroot
93 94 CHROOT_SCRIPTS=${CHROOT_SCRIPTS:=""}
94 95
95 96 # Packages required for bootstrapping
96 97 REQUIRED_PACKAGES="debootstrap debian-archive-keyring qemu-user-static binfmt-support dosfstools rsync bmap-tools whois git-core"
97 98
98 99 # Missing packages that need to be installed
99 100 MISSING_PACKAGES=""
100 101
101 102 # Packages required in the chroot build environment
102 103 APT_INCLUDES=${APT_INCLUDES:=""}
103 104 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},apt-transport-https,ca-certificates,debian-archive-keyring,dialog,sudo"
104 105
105 106 set +x
106 107
107 108 # Are we running as root?
108 109 if [ "$(id -u)" -ne "0" ] ; then
109 110 echo "this script must be executed with root privileges"
110 111 exit 1
111 112 fi
112 113
113 114 # Add packages required for kernel cross compilation
114 115 if [ "$BUILD_KERNEL" = true ] ; then
115 116 REQUIRED_PACKAGES="${REQUIRED_PACKAGES} crossbuild-essential-armhf"
116 117 fi
117 118
118 119 # Check if all required packages are installed
119 120 for package in $REQUIRED_PACKAGES ; do
120 121 if [ "`dpkg-query -W -f='${Status}' $package`" != "install ok installed" ] ; then
121 122 MISSING_PACKAGES="$MISSING_PACKAGES $package"
122 123 fi
123 124 done
124 125
125 126 # Ask if missing packages should get installed right now
126 127 if [ -n "$MISSING_PACKAGES" ] ; then
127 128 echo "the following packages needed by this script are not installed:"
128 129 echo "$MISSING_PACKAGES"
129 130
130 131 echo -n "\ndo you want to install the missing packages right now? [y/n] "
131 132 read confirm
132 133 if [ "$confirm" != "y" ] ; then
133 134 exit 1
134 135 fi
135 136 fi
136 137
137 138 # Make sure all required packages are installed
138 139 apt-get -qq -y install ${REQUIRED_PACKAGES}
139 140
140 141 # Don't clobber an old build
141 142 if [ -e "$BUILDDIR" ]; then
142 143 echo "directory $BUILDDIR already exists, not proceeding"
143 144 exit 1
144 145 fi
145 146
146 147 set -x
147 148
148 149 # Call "cleanup" function on various signals and errors
149 150 trap cleanup 0 1 2 3 6
150 151
151 152 # Set up chroot directory
152 153 mkdir -p $R
153 154
154 155 # Add required packages for the minbase installation
155 156 if [ "$ENABLE_MINBASE" = true ] ; then
156 157 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},vim-tiny,netbase,net-tools"
157 158 else
158 159 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},locales,keyboard-configuration,console-setup"
159 160 fi
160 161
161 162 # Add parted package, required to get partprobe utility
162 163 if [ "$EXPANDROOT" = true ] ; then
163 164 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},parted"
164 165 fi
165 166
166 167 # Add dbus package, recommended if using systemd
167 168 if [ "$ENABLE_DBUS" = true ] ; then
168 169 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},dbus"
169 170 fi
170 171
171 172 # Add iptables IPv4/IPv6 package
172 173 if [ "$ENABLE_IPTABLES" = true ] ; then
173 174 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},iptables"
174 175 fi
175 176
176 177 # Add openssh server package
177 178 if [ "$ENABLE_SSHD" = true ] ; then
178 179 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},openssh-server"
179 180 fi
180 181
181 182 # Add alsa-utils package
182 183 if [ "$ENABLE_SOUND" = true ] ; then
183 184 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},alsa-utils"
184 185 fi
185 186
186 187 # Add rng-tools package
187 188 if [ "$ENABLE_HWRANDOM" = true ] ; then
188 189 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},rng-tools"
189 190 fi
190 191
191 192 if [ "$ENABLE_USER" = true ]; then
192 193 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},sudo"
193 194 fi
194 195
195 196 # Add fbturbo video driver
196 197 if [ "$ENABLE_FBTURBO" = true ] ; then
197 198 # Enable xorg package dependencies
198 199 ENABLE_XORG=true
199 200 fi
200 201
201 202 # Add user defined window manager package
202 203 if [ -n "$ENABLE_WM" ] ; then
203 204 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},${ENABLE_WM}"
204 205
205 206 # Enable xorg package dependencies
206 207 ENABLE_XORG=true
207 208 fi
208 209
209 210 # Add xorg package
210 211 if [ "$ENABLE_XORG" = true ] ; then
211 212 APT_INCLUDES="${APT_INCLUDES},xorg"
212 213 fi
213 214
214 215 ## Main bootstrap
215 216 for i in bootstrap.d/*.sh; do
216 217 head -n 3 $i
217 218 . $i
218 219 done
219 220
220 221 ## Custom bootstrap scripts
221 222 if [ -d "custom.d" ]; then
222 223 for i in custom.d/*.sh; do
223 224 . $i
224 225 done
225 226 fi
226 227
227 228 # Invoke custom scripts
228 229 if [ -n "${CHROOT_SCRIPTS}" ]; then
229 230 cp -r "${CHROOT_SCRIPTS}" "${R}/chroot_scripts"
230 231 LANG=C chroot $R bash -c 'for SCRIPT in /chroot_scripts/*; do if [ -f $SCRIPT -a -x $SCRIPT ]; then $SCRIPT; fi done;'
231 232 rm -rf "${R}/chroot_scripts"
232 233 fi
233 234
234 235 ## Cleanup
235 236 chroot_exec apt-get -y clean
236 237 chroot_exec apt-get -y autoclean
237 238 chroot_exec apt-get -y autoremove
238 239
239 240 # Unmount mounted filesystems
240 241 umount -l $R/proc
241 242 umount -l $R/sys
242 243
243 244 # Clean up files
244 245 rm -f $R/etc/apt/sources.list.save
245 246 rm -f $R/etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/original
246 247 rm -rf $R/run
247 248 mkdir -p $R/run
248 249 rm -f $R/etc/*-
249 250 rm -f $R/root/.bash_history
250 251 rm -rf $R/tmp/*
251 252 rm -f $R/var/lib/urandom/random-seed
252 253 [ -L $R/var/lib/dbus/machine-id ] || rm -f $R/var/lib/dbus/machine-id
253 254 rm -f $R/etc/machine-id
254 255 rm -fr $R/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10proxy
255 256 rm -f $R/etc/resolv.conf
256 257
257 258 # Calculate size of the chroot directory in KB
258 259 CHROOT_SIZE=$(expr `du -s $R | awk '{ print $1 }'`)
259 260
260 261 # Calculate the amount of needed 512 Byte sectors
261 262 TABLE_SECTORS=$(expr 1 \* 1024 \* 1024 \/ 512)
262 BOOT_SECTORS=$(expr 64 \* 1024 \* 1024 \/ 512)
263 ROOT_OFFSET=$(expr ${TABLE_SECTORS} + ${BOOT_SECTORS})
263 FRMW_SECTORS=$(expr 64 \* 1024 \* 1024 \/ 512)
264 ROOT_OFFSET=$(expr ${TABLE_SECTORS} + ${FRMW_SECTORS})
264 265
265 266 # The root partition is EXT4
266 267 # This means more space than the actual used space of the chroot is used.
267 268 # As overhead for journaling and reserved blocks 20% are added.
268 269 ROOT_SECTORS=$(expr $(expr ${CHROOT_SIZE} + ${CHROOT_SIZE} \/ 100 \* 20) \* 1024 \/ 512)
269 270
270 271 # Calculate required image size in 512 Byte sectors
271 IMAGE_SECTORS=$(expr ${TABLE_SECTORS} + ${BOOT_SECTORS} + ${ROOT_SECTORS})
272 IMAGE_SECTORS=$(expr ${TABLE_SECTORS} + ${FRMW_SECTORS} + ${ROOT_SECTORS})
272 273
273 274 # Prepare date string for image file name
274 275 DATE="$(date +%Y-%m-%d)"
275 276
276 277 # Prepare image file
277 dd if=/dev/zero of="$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img" bs=512 count=${TABLE_SECTORS}
278 dd if=/dev/zero of="$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img" bs=512 count=0 seek=${IMAGE_SECTORS}
278 if [ "$ENABLE_SPLITFS" = true ] ; then
279 dd if=/dev/zero of="$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-frmw.img" bs=512 count=${TABLE_SECTORS}
280 dd if=/dev/zero of="$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-frmw.img" bs=512 count=0 seek=${FRMW_SECTORS}
281 dd if=/dev/zero of="$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-root.img" bs=512 count=${TABLE_SECTORS}
282 dd if=/dev/zero of="$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-root.img" bs=512 count=0 seek=${ROOT_SECTORS}
283 # Write partition tables
284 sfdisk -q -L -f "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-frmw.img" <<EOM
285 unit: sectors
279 286
280 # Write partition table
281 sfdisk -q -f "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img" <<EOM
287 1 : start= ${TABLE_SECTORS}, size= ${FRMW_SECTORS}, Id= c, bootable
288 2 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
289 3 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
290 4 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
291 EOM
292 sfdisk -q -L -f "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-root.img" <<EOM
293 unit: sectors
294
295 1 : start= ${TABLE_SECTORS}, size= ${ROOT_SECTORS}, Id=83
296 2 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
297 3 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
298 4 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
299 EOM
300 # Set up temporary loop devices
301 FRMW_LOOP="$(losetup -o 1M --sizelimit 64M -f --show $BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-frmw.img)"
302 ROOT_LOOP="$(losetup -o 1M -f --show $BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-root.img)"
303 else
304 dd if=/dev/zero of="$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img" bs=512 count=${TABLE_SECTORS}
305 dd if=/dev/zero of="$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img" bs=512 count=0 seek=${IMAGE_SECTORS}
306 # Write partition table
307 sfdisk -q -f "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img" <<EOM
282 308 unit: sectors
283 309
284 1 : start= ${TABLE_SECTORS}, size= ${BOOT_SECTORS}, Id= c, bootable
310 1 : start= ${TABLE_SECTORS}, size= ${FRMW_SECTORS}, Id= c, bootable
285 311 2 : start= ${ROOT_OFFSET}, size= ${ROOT_SECTORS}, Id=83
286 312 3 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
287 313 4 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
288 314 EOM
315 # Set up temporary loop devices
316 FRMW_LOOP="$(losetup -o 1M --sizelimit 64M -f --show $BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img)"
317 ROOT_LOOP="$(losetup -o 65M -f --show $BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img)"
318 fi
289 319
290 # Set up temporary loop devices and build filesystems
291 VFAT_LOOP="$(losetup -o 1M --sizelimit 64M -f --show $BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img)"
292 EXT4_LOOP="$(losetup -o 65M -f --show $BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img)"
293 mkfs.vfat "$VFAT_LOOP"
294 mkfs.ext4 "$EXT4_LOOP"
320 # Build filesystems
321 mkfs.vfat "$FRMW_LOOP"
322 mkfs.ext4 "$ROOT_LOOP"
295 323
296 324 # Mount the temporary loop devices
297 325 mkdir -p "$BUILDDIR/mount"
298 mount "$EXT4_LOOP" "$BUILDDIR/mount"
326 mount "$ROOT_LOOP" "$BUILDDIR/mount"
299 327
300 328 mkdir -p "$BUILDDIR/mount/boot/firmware"
301 mount "$VFAT_LOOP" "$BUILDDIR/mount/boot/firmware"
329 mount "$FRMW_LOOP" "$BUILDDIR/mount/boot/firmware"
302 330
303 331 # Copy all files from the chroot to the loop device mount point directory
304 332 rsync -a "$R/" "$BUILDDIR/mount/"
305 333
306 334 # Unmount all temporary loop devices and mount points
307 335 cleanup
308 336
309 # Create block map file for "bmaptool"
310 bmaptool create -o "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.bmap" "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img"
337 # Create block map file(s) of image(s)
338 if [ "$ENABLE_SPLITFS" = true ] ; then
339 # Create block map files for "bmaptool"
340 bmaptool create -o "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-frmw.bmap" "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-frmw.img"
341 bmaptool create -o "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-root.bmap" "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-root.img"
311 342
312 # Image was successfully created
313 echo "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img (${IMAGE_SIZE})" ": successfully created"
343 # Image was successfully created
344 echo "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-frmw.img ($(expr ${TABLE_SECTORS} + ${FRMW_SECTORS} \* 512 \/ 1024 \/ 1024)M)" ": successfully created"
345 echo "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}-root.img ($(expr ${TABLE_SECTORS} + ${ROOT_SECTORS} \* 512 \/ 1024 \/ 1024)M)" ": successfully created"
346 else
347 # Create block map file for "bmaptool"
348 bmaptool create -o "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.bmap" "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img"
349
350 # Image was successfully created
351 echo "$BASEDIR/${DATE}-debian-${RELEASE}.img ($(expr ${TABLE_SECTORS} + ${FRMW_SECTORS} + ${ROOT_SECTORS} \* 512 \/ 1024 \/ 1024)M)" ": successfully created"
352 fi
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